Sunday, December 29, 2019

Ethical Problem with Gambling Essay - 1509 Words

Ethical Problems of Gambling SOC 120 Michael Pankrast November 13, 2012 The main focus points of this paper are gambling addiction and crimes perspire through gambling activities. Gambling activities are offered illegally meaning that these activities are taken place without legal authority knowing. However, problems arise when coming in contact with gambling. Problems that arise with gambling are mostly crimes and lies. A brief discussion on a theory that may resolve conflict on gambling contrasting between Deontology and Virtue Ethics. In addition to the issue at hand to personal experience. Gambling addiction is an uncontrollable urge to gamble. Individuals who are addicted to gambling often find that†¦show more content†¦The United States has become a gambling nation. The gambling policy began back in 1963. During that time the state Nevada was the only legalized commercial casino gambling state (Nelson, 2007). Since 1963, there has been widespread of gambling to take across the nation. It is more than casinos, places to play lottery, or illegal places that hold gambling tournaments. Some of these activities were found in Mississippi, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Mississippi became popular in the mid-2000s but was known as a gambling state in 1996. (Nelson2007). There are a lot of casinos that are built on Native American land. It was stated in an article from The Daily Beast from Newsweek Across the country, Native American tribes are snapping up property with the cash thats flowing in from slot machines, blackjack tables and roulette wheels. Last year, tribal gaming revenue hit $27 billion. Since Native Americans won the right to build casinos on their reservations in 1988, the lucrative business has caught fire. Of the 562 federally recognized tribes, about 220 have gaming operations. And theyre using their new-found fortune to invest in land for housing, businesses, farming, hunting and fishing grounds, grazing lands for cattle and buffalo-or simply returning it to the wild. With earnings from its Wildhorse Resort and Casino, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservations in northeast Oregon spentShow MoreRelatedEthical Problems of Gambling816 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Problems of Gambling An addiction to gambling can be as alcoholism and drug addiction. Gambling is a chronic though gradual condition that occurs when an individual is unable to control the impulse to participate in gambling,†­ †¬regardless of the impact that it may have on one†­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¬s life. The disorder frequently leads to stress,†­ †¬extensive debt,†­ †¬a gradually worsened gambling problem especially if the procedure is left untreated. Although gambling has a clear financial effectRead MoreThe Ethical Problems Of Gambling2688 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract Gambling has become a serious headache for individuals who are unable to control their desire for the game. Careless gambling has destroyed jobs, relationships and souls. The purpose of this paper is to present the problem factors by discussing the ethical problems of gambling and the difference concepts between Deontology, Virtue Ethics Theories and Relativism Perspective. When you consider the unfortunate ones, this argument is particularly influential. The latest gambling conversationRead MoreThe Ethical Problems of Gambling Essay example883 Words   |  4 PagesThere are times where gambling can be harmful to yourself and that harm can spread to your friends and family. Gambling can pose problems by inflicting mental and financial harm on a person endowed with the constant need to gamble. There is another way that gambling can effect a person in a negative manner and it includes the physical harm gambling can cause. Gambling is often associated with alcohol consumption especially alcohol consumption that is excessive in nature. Gambling is also associatedRead MoreProfitability Analysis Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluation of ethical behavior---------------------------------------3 3 Evaluation of profitability analysis---------------------------------4 4 Conclusion and recommendation----------------------------------8 References--------------------------------------------------------------------9 Executive summary This report provides an evaluation of Woolworths in respect of ethical behavior and profitability analysis to fulfill an investor’s ethical requirementRead MoreThe Ethics Of Gambling And Gambling1556 Words   |  7 Pagesregarding the ethics of gambling whether in an online setting or in a public setting. Gambling has many benefits for both gamblers and casinos, but it’s crucial to acknowledge the psychological repercussions of gambling as it isn’t always just â€Å"harmless fun.† We can consider the negative and positive implications of gambling on non-gamblers as well. However, how would ethical theories and perspectives differ in their approach to the effects of gambling? When people think of gambling, they usually see flashingRead MoreThe Issue Of The Lottery943 Words   |  4 Pageslottery is one of only a few that operates a compulsive gambling treatment operation as part of its regular operations, employing six problem gambling experts. Five state s require a telephone number for help for problem gamblers be printed on its lottery tickets (National Gambling Impact, 1999). Are the risks too high and are the choices made when gambling beneficial for the greatest number affected versus profitability for the state lotteries, businesses who manufacture goods and services forRead MoreMotivations of Pathological Gamblers1481 Words   |  6 PagesBased on information from the National Opinion Research Center (NORC), the National Gambling Impact Study Commission (NGISC) states that there are two and a half million individuals who fall into a state defined as a pathological gambler, another three million are considered problem gamblers, and roughly fifteen million more could be considered â€Å"at-risk† (NORC, 1999). A pathological gambler is one who has a severe uncontrollable urge to gamble despite harmful negative consequences or a desire toRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma of Gambling in Pro Sports1660 Words   |  7 PagesGambling in professional sports is an ethical dilemma that needs to be examined from all angles before making a decision on whether to bet or not. Gambling has been a part our society for thousands of years, dating back to the original Olympic Games in Greece. Depending on where you live, there will be different laws regarding the rules of gambling. The story of Pete Rose shows a good example of what can happen to a sports manager that bets on his own team and others in his sport. In this case, thereRead MoreIs Casino Development Moral? Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe legalization of gambling and casino development in communities has become a heated debate topic in recent years. As with any debate, there are two sides presenting valid arguments. The purpose of this paper is to present information from the perspectives of those both in favor of and opposed to the legalization of gambling and casino development in their communities. The paper concludes with the application of ethical theories to help determine the morality of casino development. Positions RegardingRead MoreMovie Review - 211455 Words   |  6 Pagesplaying the game, while the hero is Ben Campbell, a mathematical genius student of Havard Medical School who really needs money to pay his school fees and very good in counting cards which enable him to win every time he plays Black Jack games. The ethical dilemma of Professor Micky Rosa is whether to stop ordering his students to play black jack game, or to pursuit using them as his team to win the game. If he plays the game by without the team, he can win the game but the gain is not as much as if

Saturday, December 21, 2019

The Effects Of Marine Pollution On The Ocean - 1954 Words

It covers almost three thirds of planet earth hydrosphere, contains 97 percent of the planets water, it produces half of the oxygen needed for us to breath, and absorbs the most carbon dioxide emissions, yet 95 percent of it remains unexplored by humans; the ocean, the lifeblood of planet earth. From its coral reefs to the solitary creatures that lurk in its depths, the ocean is home to numerous amazing creatures, from enormous whales and sharks to tiny fish, each specie serving as an indicator for the oceans health and maintaining the food chain. Unfortunately, all of this is at risk as a result of the neglect and carelessness mankind has shown towards the ocean. Individuals, governments and corporations are responsible for polluting the ocean on a daily basis. It is time to seriously deal with this issue at every level before the consequences of marine pollution are too great to deal with. The ocean plays many important roles in the survival of human beings and our planet. Firstly, it plays a role in shaping the climate zones; while land areas and the atmosphere absorb sunlight, the majority of the sun’s radiation is absorbed by the ocean. Furthermore, it acts as a heat-retaining solar panel. The atmosphere also contributes to this process by helping to retain heat that would otherwise radiate into space after sunset. The ocean not only stores solar radiation, it also helps to distribute heat around the globe. When water molecules are heated, they exchange freelyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Ocean Pollution On The Marine Ecosystem1517 Words   |  7 Pages Ocean pollution comes in many forms with each having some sort of effect on the marine ecosystem. Ocean pollution is destroying earth s waters, because its killing populations of organisms in the water all over the ocean, Its destroying coral reefs and water is being contaminated with oil,garbage and chemicals.Which in turn is destroying organisms all over the ocean. For the purpose of this paper, it will be logical to categorize these pollutants into three main areas; garbage, chemical, and noiseRead MoreThe Effects Of Ocean Pollution On The Marine Ecosystem And Animals1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe earth’s greatest mass is the ocean, which is seventy percent and holds 1.3 billion cubic km of water. Being the biggest mass on this earth, eighty percent of the world gather their food from the ocean. Along with the eighty percent, one-fourth to one-third of the food we catch from the ocean is also to feed other animals as well. However, with our growing industrial economy pollu tion has found their way to the ocean. Ocean pollution is a complex series of problems that are linked to many causesRead MoreThe Solution Of Ocean Pollution1400 Words   |  6 PagesOceans around the world are becoming more deadly as people fill them with nearly every type of man-made pollutant. They are turning into bathtubs; being filled with whatever the kids decide to toss in. Many refer to this issue as marine pollution or even ocean pollution. Ocean pollution is, â€Å"... the spreading of harmful substances such as oil, plastic, industrial and agricultural waste and chemical particles into the ocean† (qtd. from Rinkesh â€Å"Causes and Effects..† para. 1). No doubt, clean oceansRead MoreThe Effects Of Sea Pollution On Our Lives1087 Words   |  5 Pagescame from the ocean every single day? From the air we breathe, water we drink, and the variety of products we use daily, human life would not be possible without the ocean. This is why ocean pollution is so imp ortant and an issue that needs to be addressed as soon as possible. The majority of people seem to think that since the ocean is so large and vast, we can dump as much trash or waste as we d like into it without it ever effecting us. Unfortunately, that is not the case. Our oceans are diminishingRead MoreMarine Contamination and Pollution Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesMarine Contamination and Pollution According to the United Nations Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution (GESAMP) of 1972, marine pollution is ?the introduction by man directly or indirectly, of substances or energy to the marine environment resulting in deleterious effects such as harm to living resources, hazards to human health; hindrance of marine activities including fishing, impairing the quality for use of sea water, and reduction of amenities?(ClarkRead MoreOcean Pollution Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagescomes from the ocean in some way. The air we breathe, the water we drink, even the products we use day to day, would not be possible without the ocean. Thats why the issue of ocean pollution is so important and needs to be addressed as soon as possible. We depend on the ocean for so much in our life, without it we would surely become extinct. People seem to think that since the ocean is so large and vast, we can dump as much waste as wed like into it and it will never have an effect on us. HoweverRead MoreThe Effects Of Pollution On The Earth s Water913 Words   |  4 Pageswater resources(Chris 1).Water pollution affects the entire biosphere  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and population, but also to the natural biological communities(WIKI 1).The three acts which causes water pollution are when garbage is dumped into oceans,and causing oil spills while transporting crude oils,industrial waste dumped into oceans. The first reason to pollution is oil spills.An oil spill isRead MoreThermal Properties of Water814 Words   |  3 Pages 71% of Earth’s surface is water. Oceans make up 97.5% of all that water (Fraser, Cain). What happens when we continue to change and pollute the oceans and how do water’s properties react to it? Water has a higher latent heat and specific heat capacity than other substances. Water’s thermal properties are also unique when thinking about expansion and contraction. Water like other substances contract when the temperature get lower, although 4 – 0 degrees Celsius actually expands. A very importantRead MoreWhat Humans Are Doing ( Causes )1196 Words   |  5 Pages D. Toxins/Chemicals 1. Dumping 2. Can escape during manufacture III. Impact on Humans A. Dangerous to ingest B. Oceans help with oxygen C. Causes a variety of medical issues D. Contaminated water IV. Impact on Marine Life A. Few benefit B. Passes through food chain C. Deadly chemicals D. Garbage gets stuck V. Garbage Patches/Dead ZonesRead MorePersuasive Essay On Ocean Pollution941 Words   |  4 PagesEarths oceans are dying. â€Å"About 80% of the ocean around the world is polluted with chemicals industrial and residential waste, all of which comes from the land† (â€Å"Marine Problems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ).   Pollution is mainly coming from the people. Marine pollution should be stopped because it is the cause of many problems and if something is done about it, people will see an increase in sea life and healthier waters. It makes its way into the ocean and kills marine life. Ocean pollution is affecting the way of fisherman

Thursday, December 12, 2019

An things initiative for one belt one road - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the An things initiative for one belt one road. Answer: Introduction: The initiative of One Belt One Road introduced by Chinese president in year 2013 consequently became a vital crucial foreign policy. This particular initiative was taken with the deliberation of promoting economic cooperation amongst countries along the Road and belt routes. Silk Road economic belt and 21st century maritime Silk Road are the two main components of One Belt One Road. It has been viewed as an attempt for enhancing trade and political relations amongst Europe, Asia and China. Moreover, it also intends to boost the growth of countries involved by exporting technology, capital and capacity at global level. Connectivity sought to be improved through this development plans along the trade route in five areas that is infrastructure, policy, trade, people and currency. One of the top trading partners of Singapore is China and Singapore being a trading and regional financial hub, it is expected that this road and belt initiative will benefit the country (Callens and Cherfi 201 5). Over the past three months after the announcement of this vision, a significant traction is gained by this raid and belt initiative. It is perceived that Singapore would be benefitted in various aspects through this initiative. Discussion: Singapore companies capabilities to capture opportunities arising from OBOR: Logistics and infrastructure industry: Singapore is one of the countries in Southeast Asian region that is most economically advanced and there is a likelihood that its position as world player will get enhanced as the imitative of implementing cost comes to fruition. Singapore is poised to receive benefits from this OBOR initiative as it is well positioned in the gateway of Strait of Malacca and in the heart of South East Asia. Neighboring countries would receive great assistance from Singapore as it is expected to play a significant role in helping to develop logistics and trade infrastructure. The reason is attributable to the fact that Singapore is a city state nation having competence and excellent infrastructure in logistics industry. Chinese government has increased their investment into infrastructure of Singapore because Chinese enterprises are significantly influenced by country. Some of the key industries of country are drawing Chinese enterprise attention and through various investment methods in Singapore, ma ny Chinese enterprises have already integrated with Singaporean firms (Chan et al. 2017). This integration will help in increasing productivity within nation that will boost overall supply and consequently improving production capacity. Increase in supply of products will helps in lowering of products price. It will ultimately help in increasing demand of products. Connectivity- Tourism industry of Singapore will be boosted as under this initiative, countries will become more connected. Number of people travelling either for leisure or for business will be greater in number due to enhanced connectivity. There will be greater use of applications of tourist visa between countries along Road and Belt (Cheong 2017). This expected increase in number of arrivals of tourists would gain Singapore. Security risk on One Belt One road: (Source: Iesingapore.gov.sg 2017) The above chart depicts overall risks of different countries with Singapore receiving a moderate overall risk score of 49. This is indicative of the fact that there is lower macroeconomic risk and higher risk relating to effectiveness of government. Direct overseas investment between China and Singapore (Source: Iesingapore.gov.sg 2017) Financial services and trade- Singapore has a string network of financial institutions with excellent governance as it is regarded as one of the premier financial centre. The opportunities for professional service firms in country can be increased that will help in facilitating investment by distributing and raising debt and equity. The largest offshore hub for trading of RMB outside Hong Kong is Singapore. Singaporean firms engaged in financial and banking services, private equity, investment management and funds will be provided significant opportunities under the initiative. This would assist both foreign based and Singaporean firms as they will look forward toward participating in project development and financing around the region (Krishnan and Sriganesh 2017). Possible challenges faced by Singapore companies: Competitive edge technology- Singapore faces both global and regional competition from many countries that are involved in or that are part of OBOR initiative as they intend to take position similar to country. Many countries are provided with opportunity to participate in OBOR and this might pose risk to Singapore, as they would come with advanced technology. Entering of foreign companies into profitable relationship with their Chinese counterparts and it has been perceived that such collaboration is critical that would certainly affect Singapore (Mostarom 2014). Political risk- There are some political risks associated with the initiative in terms of major differences in legal regimes and common law in Singapore. Foreign companies intending to operate in country might not be provided with adequate legal protection and underdeveloped legal regimes might lead to low credibility and wide spreading the jurisdiction and social life. Bilateral relations among nations can be worsening due to heavy reliance on Chinese companies on local Chinese embassy and Singaporean government (Tsui et al. 2017). Singapore has been less proactive regarding in working with China due to this particular initiative Poor governance and corruption- The visualization of OBOR initiative for using Yuan as an international currency for business transactions in central Asian region will lead to higher hedging cost for transactions in their own currency. Impact of maritime lanes- It is unlikely that the face of modern shipping will change due to creation of modern Silk Road and this will have an impact on position of Singapore as a key hub port. It is argued that port of Singapore could receive significant threat from development of port in Hambantota. The bypassing of ships in Singapore altogether can be hampered by change in trading routes. This is so because across the Indian Ocean, port in Hambantota will be an excellent transshipment waypoint that will be stretching to Europe and Far East. Movement of goods into hinterland could also be expedited by Kra canal construction (Xu et al. 2016). In this regard, it is required by Singapore to overcome these thorny issues. Exchange rate risk- Singapore has been a macro stable economy with few exposures to exchange rate risks. Enhancement of financial integration between countries is one of the vital parts of OBOR implementation. Transactions between countries involved under this initiative would pose Singapore to risk of currency, although it is a macro stable economy. In this regard, it is required to build of currency stability, financial and investment system (Winter 2016). Economic policy of government to overcome OBOR challenge: Singapore will be provided with significant opportunities due to One Belt One road initiative; however, the large-scale projects could surface many challenges. The long-term challenge arising from this initiative requires formation of good leadership and policies (Xu et al. 2016). Raising the productivity is an immediate challenge facing Republic for enabling to grow an already advanced economy. Strengthening national identify is one of the fundamental challenge facing country. Singapore is required to set the policy direction that is in favor of suiting the environment created by initiative. For ensuring long pipeline of talent in Singaporean industry, infrastructure development internship and leading o generation of top talent pool in country (Gan 2016). There are challenges faced from external influence such as big powers and Islamic states that has the possibility of creating rupture in multi religious and multi ethnic society. Singapore is considered vulnerable to the terrorism threat is certain due to rise of ISIS. In this regard, it is required by government to respond appropriately to enhance their security system so that they are able to foil terrorist plots and weed out potential radicals. The signing of agreement by Singapore government with UN peacekeeping department to provide users with operational information helps in bringing peacekeeping (Mostarom 2014). The three platforms of collaboration that is financial connectivity, infrastructural connectivity and third party collaboration such as joint training from BRI countries official has been reaffirmed under One Belt One initiative. Singapore government included this particular initiative of getting itself involved in ruling party constitution of China. Financial connectivity enhancement by Singaporean government working closely with Singapore and Chinese banks for syndicating finance to belt and road projects (Mostarom 2014). Agreements were signed by major Chinese banks by International enterprise Singapore that helps in providing billion of trade finance to companies of both the nations in Road and belt projects. Therefore, Singaporean government has taken several efforts to overcome the challenges faced in light of OBOR. Recommendations to Singapore government: Monitoring financial condition- It is required by Singapore government to strengthen the nation as an international center for restructuring of debts being a major financial, legal and business hub. There should be increase in availability of rescue financing for business doing operations in country. This will allow business debtors to continue their business operations. Some of the complex crosses border-restructuring work should be handled by deepening expertise. Profile of Singapore on international stage should be raised through increasing involvement of financial institution involvement in international organizations and conducting research on cutting edge (Krishnan and Sriganesh 2017). It is required by Singapore companies to keep a close tap on foreign affairs announcements and domestic affairs in China. Signs of certainty or assurance would be sending by rationale behind change of willingness of China to overcome the challenges brought by such initiative. Seizing opportunities by finding Chinese partners- A common ground should be created by Singaporean companies with Chinese companies. This calls for strategy formulation for becoming complementary partners such as strength in human resource development, financial and experience in navigation of international market. Highlighting the nation strength of being located in the heart of trading routes should be done by Singapore. This would help in enhancement of construction, engineering and pool of international talent. For effectively finding market gaps and the industry to participate in One Belt and One Road, it is required by Singapore companies to consider their complementarities and value added to Chinese companies (Yan 2015). Singapore companies will be assisted in gaining foothold and increasing collaboration with Chinese companies by developing strong string business capabilities and networks. Professional support centre- Development of professional support center would be of utmost importance for countries operating within this initiative. Experts and professionals working in different companies should be trained for handing advanced system of technology. There has been development of industry standards in China for supporting growth and new industries. Several cross border commercial financial services platforms such as Alipay system, union pay system and Beidou global navigation system (Da Xu 2016). It is essential for Singapore to adapt them by integrating to these standards and they should have an open mind set for this. Affordable loan financing- One of the positive developments would be the willingness of Sinosure and EXIM bank of China for shouldering greater commercial risks. Singapore companies should closely monitor some geopolitical development relating to regional infrastructure projects. Established connections of IE Singapore with multilateral Chinese financial institutions would help in providing funding support to Road and belt projects (Jinping and Wei 2016). It would help in bridging the gap by enabling access of Singapore companies to funding. Conclusion: Analysis of One Belt One Route initiated by China would give rise to new opportunities for Singapore companies. However, this would give rise to several risks and competitive challenges that should be overcome by Singaporean government, companies involved in Belt and Road Initiative projects and financial institutions. Notwithstanding, it is required by Singapore companies to carefully consider their response. International enterprise Singapore has the possibilities on continuing to tap on extensive business networks and global government and working closely in collaboration with companies of both the nations. Furthermore, Singapore government will be able to enjoy greater access to funding by harnessing credibility of brand for delivering good value to projects having Chinese elements. Singapore companies can grow its businesses capability by setting up joint venture with their Chinese companies (Winter 2016). Singapore government adopted Chinas initiative of Belt and Route early. C ollaboration of Singapore companies with that of their Chinese counterpart will help in encouraging economic integration, people-to-people link between countries and infrastructural cooperation. Therefore, from the analysis, it can be inferred that BRI would bring opportunities as well as challenge for Singapore. References list: Callens, S. and Cherfi, S., 2015. THE INTENSIVE EXCHANGES FLOWS. About a New Regionalism: OBOR (One Belt, One Road). In Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT CONFERENCE (Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 496-505). Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania Chan, M.H., Lau, Y.Y.J., Chu, W.C. and Ho, C.K.D., 2017. How can Hong Kong help to develop the professional supply chain service of textiles and clothing industries under the" One belt one road" initiative?. Cheong, I., 2017. Assessment of the Economic Background of the OBOR. Journal of International Logistics and Trade, 15(2), pp.72-82. Da Xu, L., 2016. An internet-of-things initiative for one belt one road (OBOR). Frontiers of Engineering Management, 3(3), pp.206-223. Gan, S.H., 2016. Contending the Global Order: Singapore's Response to China's One Belt, One Road (OBOR) Initiative. He, H., 2015. " One Belt One Road Strategy": From a Perspective of Public Goods. World Economics and Politics, 6, p.009. Iesingapore.gov.sg. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.iesingapore.gov.sg/-/media/IE-Singapore/Files/Publications/IE-Insights/Vol31_China_FA_2.ashx [Accessed 26 Dec. 2017]. Jinping, Y. and Wei, G., 2016. The Benefits, Risks, and Strategies of One Belt and One Road Initiative. Nankai Journal (Philosophy, Literature and Social Science Edition), 1, p.004. Krishnan, R. and Sriganesh, B., 2017. One Belt One RoadOpportunities and Risks for Singapore. Li, Y., 2015. Environmental Sustainability Assessment for Countries Involved in OBOR Initiatives Based on Planetary Boundary Theory. In Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem (pp. 956-962). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Mostarom, T.R., 2014. The Singapore Ulama. Asian Journal of Social Science, 42(5), pp.561-583. Sheu, J.B. and Kundu, T., 2017. Forecasting time-varying logistics distribution flows in the One Belt-One Road strategic context. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. Tsui, S., Wong, E., CHI, L. and Tiejun, W., 2017. One Belt, One Road. monthlyreview. org/2017/01/01/one-belt-one-road. Winter, T., 2016. One belt, one road, one heritage: Cultural diplomacy and the Silk Road. The Diplomat, 29. Xu, Q., Shen, L., Jiang, Y. and Jin, Z., 2017, August. Multimodal transport routing problem considering transshipment and accessibility: The case of the One Belt One Road initiative. In Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS), 2017 4th International Conference on (pp. 936-942). IEEE. Yan, S., 2015. Why the One Belt One Road Initiative Matters for the EU. The Diplomat.